Liquid and like tap



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LIQUID AND mx; un

Filed oct. `zs, 1921 1l d; l.

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Patented Nov. 17, 1925.

" UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

AIMI PILLON AND ETIENNE RAVAZ, OF OULLINS, FRANCE.

LIQUID AND LIKE TAP.

Application filed October 26, 1921. Serial No. 510,531.

To all whom t may concern.' a

Be it known that we, AIM PILLoN and ETIENNE RAvAZ, both French citizens, and residing in Oullins, Rhone, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Improi-*ementsin 'or Relating to Liquid and like Taps, of which the following is a specification. y'

`The tap forming the subject matter of the present invention is. of the kind having a definite feed and an vautomatic closure which comprises generally a. piston valve closing communication between the inlet and outlet openings for the liquid by 'the action ot a spring and the pressure of the water which exists behind the piston. Com- .munication is effected when the said piston valve is thrust by the hand and such communication is maintained for a period the length of which is variable and depends on the size of a hole provided in the wall of the piston, such hole allowing of the passage of the water to the forward side of the piston in order to establish equilibrium on the two faces of the piston and allowing of the spring acting on the piston which is automatically and gradually closed so as to interrupt or stop the escape of water.

The invention is characterized by the use in combination with known parts of other members such as ak valve with a grooved rod on which the piston valve lis mounted, a. cylindrical obturator with a hollow rod and a handle which are arranged in such manner with the known parts so as to form a tap of extreme simplicity and construction and of certain action and which is capable of numerous and varied applications.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood reference is made to the accompanying drawing which'shows va constructional form of cock or tap in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal axial section showing' the movable parts in the full open position and in closed lines;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal axial section showing the same parts, that is the movable parts, in the closed position;

Figure 3 shows the open position of the valve mounted in the bucket piston valve.

The body R of the cock or tap is of cylindrical form and is provided with a tubular inlet a and' a tubular outlet Z) for the liquid, these two tubular openings being position in dotted disposed at right angles to the axis of the cock or tap and in alignment with each other. The tubular inlet a is in communication with a cylindrical pressure chamber c, j situated at one end of the body R and in which is disposed a bucket piston valve 7L, g. The tubular outlet I) communicates through an opening CZ with a. cylindrical chamber e of smaller diameter than that of the chambers c, j of which it formsA an' ex` tension and which ends at the other end ofl the `body R orwhich may be closed by a screwed plug f. On the opposite side of the plug the outlet chambers@ yform in the interior of the pressure chamberc, ja seat e for a closure valve rigid with the piston 7L. The body R is closed at one end by a plug f and at the other end by a cover z' screwed on to the cylindrical portion of the tap and which forms o ne of the walls of the chambers c, j; the other wall is formed by an annular partition arranged transversely of the cylinder an-d situated to the rear of the seat e; this partition is provided with an opening c which allows of connection between the chamber 0, and the tubular inlet a. The chamber of small diameter or the outlet chamber e is in communication with the tubular outlet b by the opening d formed in the wall of the body R ot' the tap. In the outlet chamber is mounted with slight friction a hollow cylinder forming an obturator, Z open at one end and closed at the other end by a disc which is providedl with a number oi holes ,7c the said disc being provided with an extension formed by a tube m passing through the plug f. The plug f is provided with a stuffing gland formed by a leather washer a; situated in an annular recess in the said plug, the said recess being closed by a washer y. The end of the tube m which extends through the plug f is closed andadapted to receive a handle a for manipulating the tap. Y

The bore ofthe tube m is adapted to serve as a guide for one end of a cylindrical rod g, the other end of which is recessed longitudinally so as to form grooves u extending into ay collar t situated at a definite point in the length of the said rod, the said grooves extending to the screw threaded portion g which is provided on the end of the rod. The rooved portion of the said rod is surrounded by a sleeve 7. the length of vwhich is slightly less than that of the grooved portion of the rod; the sleeve is provided with llO a collar i" having its forward face plain which face abuts against a leatheil or rubber washer g and is maintained against this face by a metallic washer and by two members ZL between which is secured a leather' washer ZL forming the piston valve which adapted to slide in the chamber c.

On the screwed end g of the rod g is screwed a disc s between which and the end of the rod g is disposed a leather or rubber washer s', the said washer being applied against a shoulder formed by thedilference in diameter between `the screw threaded part g and that of the grooved portion fu. The disc with its resilient washer forms a valve which is always subject to the tension of a helical spring o which bears at one Iend against the disc a' and constantly forces the valve against its seat which is formed by the end of the 'sleeve r.

The members Zt and Zt forming the pistfn. are provided with holes Qc which'iegister so as to balance the pressure against the two faces of the piston and to permit of the liquid passing to the rear of the piston. 'fh-e latter therefore divides the chamber into two compartments. The rear compartment c, contains the valve ZL, and th-e forward compartment j contains the valve s, s.

The action of the tap hereinbefore described and shown is as follows, starting from the position of the part shown in Figure 2. lt will be seen at first that in the position 'shown in Figure 2, the bottom of the bore o of the tube m is at a certain distance from the end of the rod t, the said rod being forced into this position by the spring o which applies the closure disc Z against Athe plug 7'. The obturator uncovers therefore the outlet opening Zh but the liquid cannot enter therein since 'the chamber e is closed by the valve g which is applied against the seat e by the action of the spring o acting on the valve s, s and consequently on the sleeve r which is rigidly connected with the valve g. lt will be understood that the two con'ipartments c and being filled with the liquid the piston 71 ZL receives on one face a pressure identical to that of the water, but. it will be clearly understood that the forward face receives an additional pressure due to that of the spring o so that the piston is forced by the action of the spring in the direction of the chamber c, the inlet to the latter being therefore closed by the valve g which is applied against the seat c', Figure 2.

lf sufficient pressure be exerted on the handle n s0 as to thrust the rod my and closure member Z so as to compress 'the spring r, closure of the opening Z by the cylinder Z will at first be effected and finally the end of the rod g will abut against the plain bottom of the slide tube m.

Ou account of the large surface of the piston and the pressure existing in the compartment the resistance offer-ed by the forward face of the said piston is therefore very large, which resistance requires to be overcome by the manual manipulation of the handle, but this force is suthcient to overcome the resistance offered by the small surface of the valve s and it follows that this valve is only thrust by the rods g, a and the sliding of the latter is therefore stopped when th-e collar t abuts against the rear face of the sleeve r. This opening of the said valve s which is shown in Figure 3, uncovers the forward end of the sleeve r and the ends of the grooves u. of the portion u of the rod q. The water enclosed in the compartment j escapes therefore through 'the grooves a so as to enter into the` chamber e or the said water is obliged to remain stationary as soon as the outlet opening Z is closed by the obturator Z. rlfhe reduced pressure therefore on the forward face of lthe piston gradually effects emptying of the compartment but the valve g remains nevertheless applied on its seat e as long as this pressure is greater than that which is exerted on the rear face of the said piston.

Then the pressure to which the forward face of the piston is subjected to less than the pressure exerted by the water entering by the tubular inlet a. on the rear face of the piston, 'the latter is thrust forward by the pressure of a small quantity of this water only, but this pressure is sufficient nevertheless to move the valve g from its seat e so that the inlet to the chamber e is uncovered thus allowing the water to fill tne said chamber but not to escape outside of the tube because the opening (Z remains closed as long as the slide tube is thrust into the position indicated in dotted lines in Figure l.

VZhilst a part of the water fills the chamber e another part of the waterv passes by the grooves u in the piston rod and by 'the opening w i-n the piston so as to enter into the connpartment y'. Assuming that the surfaces of the forward face of the piston and the two faces of the valve s, 8 are equal, the rear face of the said piston and the exterior face of the valve g and of the ring the piston valve ZL, Zz', g, r and the valves s, s are consequently in a state. of equilibrium between the compartments c and t follows that the resistance which would previously be opposed to the sliding of the piston under the pressure of the hand acting on the handle a no longer exists and the said piston can thus be thrust fully into the position shown in dotted lines in Figure l where it abuts against the cap or cover 2. The handle n is consequently at the end of its stroke as well as the obturator Z and its rod m as shown in dotted lines in Figure 1. In this position of the parts the escape of liquid is impossible since the obturator Z closes the outlet orifice Z and this escape only takes place when the manipulating handle is freed. The holes 7c which are formed in the disc at the rear of the hollow cylindrical portion Z allow the water to pass in front of the said disc, the obturator thus being balanced and remaining stationary in its position. It follows therefrom that the parts g, 7L, h, s, s, 79, u, Z and m can remain an indefinite period in the position to which they have been thrust without the escape of any water being permitted.

In order that the water may escape, it is necessary that the handle and the rod m be forced to the end of its forward stroke in order that t-he obturator .may be displaced in the same direction into the position shown in full lines in Figure l the piston valve 7L, g remaining stationary in the position shown in said figure. The chamber e isconsequently open to therwater issuing from the tubular inlet a and the opening Z is uncovered by the obturator Z so that the liquid can therefore escape by the said opening (Z and by the tubular outlet Z1.

A part of the water passes through the calibrated hole w formed in the piston and enters into the compartment where the pressure becomes immediately equivalent to that existing in the compartment c. The valve s, S is then subjected to the action of the spring o and is applied against its seat. rIhe tension of this spring acts immediately on the piston so as to thrust it with a uniform speed which depends on the size of the hole w. The escape of the water is effected until the valve g is applied against its seat e and closes the entry to the chamber e. A supply of water is therefore obtained during a definite time and automatic closure of the tube is effected. The supply can be suspended during any moment of the escape by exerting suiicient pressure on the rod m so that the obturator Z closes the opening (Z. This closure, however, does not interrupt the feed of the water into the compartment y' nor the action of the spring o. It follows that the valve g continues to be displaced and it is therefore applied against its seat without it being necessary to move the tube m rearwardly. In this case a rear thrust exerted on the handle effects the opening of the valve s, s and the same effects take place as hereinbefore described.

For all pressures of the liquid the time necessary for the closure is directly proportional to the capacity of the forward chamber j and inversely proportional to the cross section of the escape opening fw.

From the foregoing it follows that the water can be delivered to the tap by thrusting the obturator right to the bottom and thereafter withdrawing it.

A definite quantity of water in a definite time can thus be fed to the tube these two factors remaining always the same for the same pressure of the liquid and the same i dimensions of the parts upon which the feed of liquid depends.

The forms and dimensions of the parts as well as the details may be varied in accordance with the various applications for which the tap is intended without departing' from the scope of the invention.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said linvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is:

1. In a valve for predetermined delivery of a iuid and automatic closure, a chamber for the passage of fluid, an inlet pipe and discharge pipe in communication with said chamber, a piston valve to closesaid chamber, a closing device provided with a handle to close thel discharge opening, a hollow rod between said handle and the closing device, a rod slidablein the hollow rod of the closing device and connected with the piston valve which closes the first named chamber, and means for acting successively on the closing device and on the piston valve.

2. A body having an inlet, an outlet, a chamber between said inlet and outlet, and also having a pressure chamber, one end of said chamber being open and presented to said pressure chamber, and said chamber also having an opening in one side which communicates with the outlet; an obturator operable in the first named chamber to cover or uncover said opening, a piston valve movable in the pressure chamber and having a calibrated opening Y to balance the same therein, a rod movable by the obturator when the latter is moved to closed position, and on which said piston valve has limited movement, a valve of less diameter than the piston valve, movable therewith and arranged to seat against the open end of said first named chamber, said valve and said rod having coacting stops and said rod also having a channel to establish communication between the ends of the pressure chamber, and a spring actuated valve arranged on the front face of the piston l valve and active to lclose said channel.

In witness whereof we aflix our signatures.

AIME PILLON. ETIENNE RAVAZ. 

